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“..<ma lei cosa fa qui?>, <il Giro> rispondo, <cosa, il Giro?>, <si vorrei partire con il Giro> ribadisco, <ma per scrivere?>,<anche...>. Ci guardò con bontà e un sorriso assai lieve <piò salire...>. Così in pochi secondi, tutto era mutato. Non più sole, non più respinti, non più sollevati dalla grande onda, ma dentro: dove c’era benessere, penombre, calma. Aggrappati al sedile posteriore, nervosamente, ci guardavano intorno. L’Italia cominciava a fuggire!...” 

Le développement progressif du sport masculin en Italie

(1890-1880) 

A 33 km route which finished in over two hours, organised by the Veloce Club, the first Italian cycling society whose members were from noble or bourgeois classes. 

Picture card dedicated to the first cycling race, in Florence, 1870. 

Image taken from: Marchesini, D., Mazzi, B., Spada, R. (2001) Pálmer, Borraccia e Via! Storia e leggende della bicicleta e del ciclismo. Ediciclo Editore, Portogruaro. Google books.

Ciclo Imprese Extreme

Ciclisti rossi

At the beginning of the 20th century in Italy, the syndicalist and socialist movement was drawing more followers and politics and sport rapidly became inseparable. Central Italy was the first to become conquered by the left, area which was also the most crowded with bicycles, this is where the ciclismo rosso was born. In 1913, the Federazione nazionale dei "ciclisti rossi" was founded. 

Also known as Corsa Rosa and inspired in the success of the Tour de France -a one-month race- diverse Italian organizations began to idealize a similar competition.  However, it was the “Gazzetta dello sport” who financed the competitions as a way of promoting the newspaper. This newspaper already followed the other two one-day competitions, the Milano-San Remo and the Giro di Lombardía. Photo of a 1970’s Giro d’Itlia used as propaganda for the 2013 edition.

Giro d’Italia , 1909

San Remo News

Giro di Lombardía 1905, Milan-San Remo 1907.

Is one of the most important Italian races, anticipated the Giro d’Italia. It is considered one of the five “cycling monuments”, along with the Milan-San Remo  which began in 1907 and is the longest competition of its type. This last one scored for the Women’s Cycling World Cup. 

Italy began to dominate world cycling during the 1920’s and 1930’s and Fascism promoted cycling despite Mussolini. WW2 however, put aside the bicycle when it embraced new technologies. In 1946, after the assassination of Mussolini, while all of Italy was devastated and about to engage in a civil war they launched Il Giro della rinascita  in the hope of reestablishing a unified Italian. 

Giro della rinascita

During this time of fruitful evolvement of the men’s sport, women were kept on the bench.  However, through the history of Italian cycling and its stars, we can get a glimpse of women’s place in society during this time. During the 1953 Giro d’Italia, Fausto Coppi became the centre of chronicles because of his extramarital relationship with Giulia Occhini, wife of Dr. Locatelli, faithful fan of Coppi. Occhini became known as the Dama Bianca because of the dress she wore when she was still unknown and Coppi handed her his victory flowers at the end of competition. Fausto and Giulia began a long love story which came to be condemned even by Pope Pius XII. As a result of the romance, Coppi and his first wife, Bruna Ciampolini were separated in 1954, while Dr Locatello denounced Giulia for adultery. As a consequence, the woman had to spend time in jail and Coppi had his passport confiscated.  After many difficulties, the couple made their way to Mexico, where they were married and had a son. However, the marriage was never recognised in Italy. 

La Dama Bianca

Anna Maria Ortense was one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century. In the 1950's, she was hired by the magazine the Eurpeo. In 1955, she was sent to the 38th Giro d’Itaia. In those years, cycling writing was still forbidden to women. Women could freely ride on bicycle, but to consider women in the convoy of the Giro d’Italia was outlawed, as explains the official regulation of the 1951 Giro:“...la carovana dovrà essere esclusivamente maschile e con esclusione dei minori d’età...” . Hence, Anna becomes “...la prima donna clandestina della reppublica delle lettere ciclistiche...” in the 1955 Giro d’Italia.

Una clandestina al giro d’italia 1955 . 

Cionfoli, M. (2013). Pedalare Controvento! Ciclismo femminile nella storia: figlio di un dio minore. Marcianum Press S.r.l., Venezia. Pg. 139

Ortense intrudes in the Giro and starts hitchhiking dressed as a man, without makeup or lipstick and with a Nivea cream cap and big dark glasses. With a stroke of luck she gets a ride on the car of the Florentine "Nuovo Corriere". Her report of this first conversation    

Cionfoli, M. (2013). Pedalare Controvento! Ciclismo femminile nella storia: figlio di un dio minore. Marcianum Press S.r.l., Venezia. Pg. 139

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